UKPSC Mains 2024 Notes
Get topicwise printed notes for UKPSC Mains Exam 2024 developed by experienced faculty of PSCNOTES.UKPCS Prelims and Mains Notes-UKPSC Test Series
Usefulness of animals and human affairs As food The human population exploits a large number of animal species for food, both of domesticated livestock species in animal husbandry and, mainly at sea, by hunting wild species. Marine fish of many species, such as herring, cod, tuna, mackerel and anchovy, are caught commercially, forming an important … Read more Usefulness of animals for mankind
Common classification of animals – domestic and wild animals The pets in our households are all descendants of wild animals, many of which still run free today. But dogs, cats, and rodents are all domesticated to varying degrees, with a wide range of consequences for their behavior and genetics. To understand the nitty gritty of … Read more Common classification of animals – domestic and wild animals
Human eye Human eye, in humans, specialized sense organ capable of receiving visual images, which are then carried to the brain. The eye is protected from mechanical injury by being enclosed in a socket, or orbit, which is made up of portions of several of the bones of the skull to form a four-sided pyramid, … Read more Human eye, its defects, their causes and remedies
FOOD CHAIN- A food chain starts with producers and ends with top carnivores. The sequence of eaten and being eaten, produces transfer of food energy and it is known as food chain. Grazing food chain-The consumers which start the food chain, utilising the plant or plant part as their food, constitute the grazing food chain. … Read more Food web and Food chain
Eco-System-An ecosystem is defined as a structural and functional unit of biosphere consisting of community of living beings and the physical environment, both interacting and exchanging materials between them. It includes plants, trees, animals, fish, birds, micro-organisms, water, soil, and people. When an ecosystem is healthy (i.e. sustainable) it means that all the elements live … Read more Basic concepts of ecosystem
Objects having characteristics of cellular organization, growth, reproduction, ability to sense environment and give response are living organisms. There are some important features of living organisms: It should grow, which means its structure changes as time goes by in an advantageous manner. It should show adaptation to the environment. It should maintain some balanced … Read more Plants and mankind, characteristics of plants, structure and function of plant cells and organelles;
DNA: STRUCTURE DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria … Read more DNA and RNA
Biotechnology through Genetic engineering has made food crops more resistant to disease, but the mere act of modification of the naturally selected food crops may actually disturb the delicate balance of biodiversity which exists in nature causing a disturbance to the natural balance. The production of GMOs has negative impacts on the natural ecosystem which … Read more Ethical, social, legal and IPR (intellectual property rights) issues related to biotechnological development.
The chromosomes present in the diploid cells of the majority of the sexually reproducing animals are of two types: autosomes bearing genes for somatic characters and sex chromosomes bearing genes for sex. Sex chromosomes also carry some genes for non-sexual characters such as colour blindness and haemophilia. Such genes which are always associated with … Read more sex-linked inheritance
Whether an animal will become a male, a female, or a hermaphrodite is determined very early in development. Scientists have worked for hundreds of years to understand the sex-determination system. The first major breakthrough in understanding sex determination was the discovery of sex chromosomes in the early 1900s. From meticulous analyses of male and female … Read more sex determination