UKPSC 2016 Paper IV

Points to Remember: Geographical factors influencing rubber cultivation. Historical context of rubber cultivation in South India. Economic and policy factors supporting rubber cultivation in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Challenges and limitations faced by the rubber industry in South India. Introduction: Rubber, a crucial natural resource, is primarily cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. While globally … Read more Why are rubber plantations confined to South India, especially Kerala and Tamil Nadu?

Points to Remember: Uneven industrial distribution in India. Concentration in specific regions. Role of historical factors, infrastructure, and policies. Implications for regional disparities. Potential for industrial regionalization. Introduction: India’s industrial landscape is characterized by a highly uneven distribution, reflecting historical patterns, policy choices, and resource availability. While some regions boast concentrated industrial activity, others remain … Read more Explain the distributional pattern of Industries in India—Does it provide a basis for industrial regionalization?

Points to Remember: Global patterns of urbanization Causes of urbanization Consequences of urbanization (positive and negative) Urban challenges and solutions Future trends in urbanization Introduction: Urbanization, the increasing concentration of human populations in urban areas, is a defining characteristic of the 21st century. Globally, the proportion of the world’s population living in urban areas has … Read more Write a geographical essay on Urbanization in the world.

Points to Remember: Uttarakhand’s mountainous terrain significantly influences its agricultural practices. Diverse agro-climatic zones lead to varied agricultural land types. Land use is influenced by altitude, slope, and accessibility. Sustainable agricultural practices are crucial for the region’s ecological balance. Introduction: Uttarakhand, a state in the Indian Himalayas, is characterized by its rugged mountainous terrain. This … Read more Describe in brief the types of mountainous agricultural land of Uttarakhand.

Points to Remember: Vegetation types are strongly influenced by climatic factors. Different climates support different vegetation types. Exceptions exist due to factors beyond climate. Vegetation can also influence climate (albedo effect). Introduction: The statement “Vegetation of an area is an index of climate” highlights a fundamental relationship in ecology. Climate, encompassing temperature, precipitation, sunlight, and … Read more “Vegetation of an area is an index of climate.” Discuss.

Points to Remember: Location: Tehri Dam, Uttarakhand, India Purpose: Hydroelectric power generation Environmental and social impacts: Displacement, ecological changes Benefits: Power generation, irrigation, flood control (to a limited extent) Challenges: Sedimentation, environmental concerns, resettlement issues Introduction: The Tehri Hydroelectric Scheme is a large hydroelectric power project located on the Bhagirathi River in Uttarakhand, India. The … Read more Give a brief account of the Tehri Hydroelectric Scheme.

Points to Remember: Wind erosion creates a variety of landforms through deflation (removal of loose material) and abrasion (sandblasting). These landforms are characteristic of arid and semi-arid regions with sparse vegetation. The scale and type of landform depend on wind strength, sediment availability, and the nature of the underlying rock. Introduction: Wind erosion, a significant … Read more Describe the landforms produced by wind erosion.

Points to Remember: Relative contributions of coal, hydroelectricity, and petroleum to global energy production. Environmental impacts of each energy source. Economic factors influencing energy choices. Technological advancements and their impact on energy production. The growing significance of hydroelectric power and its future prospects. Introduction: The world’s energy needs are predominantly met by fossil fuels – … Read more Explain the comparative importance of coal, hydro-electricity, and petroleum in the form of energy and discuss the increasing importance of hydro-electric power.

Points to Remember: Definition and origin of Western Disturbances (WDs). Meteorological characteristics of WDs. Impact of WDs on Indian weather patterns (temperature, precipitation). Positive and negative impacts on agriculture, water resources, and human life. Forecasting and mitigation strategies. Introduction: Western Disturbances (WDs) are extra-tropical weather systems originating in the Mediterranean region and moving eastward across … Read more What is Western Disturbance? Describe its impact on India.

Points to Remember: Purpose: Irrigation and water supply in arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan. Impact: Significant increase in agricultural production, but also environmental and social consequences. Challenges: Water management, salinity, and equitable distribution. Introduction: The Indira Gandhi Canal (IGC) Project, also known as the Rajasthan Canal Project, is a large-scale irrigation project in the … Read more Write a short note on the Indira Gandhi Canal Project.