Points to Remember:
- Altitude and prominence of Nanda Devi Peak.
- Location within the Himalayas and its proximity to other peaks.
- Geological composition and formation.
- Glaciers and rivers associated with the peak.
- Biodiversity and ecological significance.
Introduction:
Nanda Devi, standing at 7,816 meters (25,643 feet), is the second-highest mountain peak in India and the 23rd highest in the world. Located in the Garhwal Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand, it holds immense geographical significance, not only for its sheer size but also for its role in shaping the surrounding landscape and its rich biodiversity. Its remote location and challenging terrain have contributed to its relatively pristine environment, though this is increasingly threatened by climate change.
Body:
1. Location and Topography:
Nanda Devi is situated in the central Himalayas, part of the Garhwal range. It’s located within Nanda Devi National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, highlighting its ecological importance. The peak is surrounded by other significant peaks, forming a complex and rugged mountain massif. Its proximity to other high-altitude peaks contributes to its unique climatic conditions and glacial formations.
2. Geological Formation:
Nanda Devi, like much of the Himalayas, is formed from the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. The peak is primarily composed of metamorphic rocks, including gneiss and schist, formed under immense pressure and heat during the mountain-building process. The geological history is reflected in the varied rock formations visible on its slopes and surrounding areas.
3. Glaciers and Rivers:
Several glaciers originate from Nanda Devi’s slopes, contributing significantly to the water resources of the region. The Rishi Ganga, a tributary of the Alaknanda River (which flows into the Ganges), is one of the major rivers fed by the meltwater from these glaciers. These glaciers are vital for the sustenance of downstream communities and ecosystems. The changing glacial dynamics due to climate change pose a significant threat to water security in the region.
4. Biodiversity and Ecological Significance:
Nanda Devi National Park, encompassing the peak, is a biodiversity hotspot. The region supports a unique flora and fauna adapted to high-altitude conditions. The park is home to several endangered species, including the snow leopard, Himalayan musk deer, and various bird species. The pristine environment of the park is crucial for maintaining the ecological balance of the region.
Conclusion:
Nanda Devi Peak is a geographically significant feature of the Indian Himalayas. Its immense altitude, location within a UNESCO World Heritage Site, geological formation, and contribution to the region’s hydrology and biodiversity are all key aspects of its importance. However, the increasing impact of climate change, particularly on its glaciers, poses a serious threat to the region’s water security and ecological integrity. Therefore, conservation efforts focusing on sustainable tourism, climate change mitigation, and strict protection of the Nanda Devi National Park are crucial for preserving this invaluable natural heritage for future generations. A holistic approach that balances the needs of local communities with the preservation of this unique ecosystem is essential for ensuring the long-term sustainability of the region and upholding the constitutional mandate for environmental protection.
UKPCS Notes brings Prelims and Mains programs for UKPCS Prelims and UKPCS Mains Exam preparation. Various Programs initiated by UKPCS Notes are as follows:-- UKPCS Mains Tests and Notes Program
- UKPCS Prelims Exam 2024- Test Series and Notes Program
- UKPCS Prelims and Mains Tests Series and Notes Program
- UKPCS Detailed Complete Prelims Notes