In plate tectonics, Convergent boundary is a region where two or more tectonic plates of the lithosphere move towards one another and collide.
There are 3 types of Convergence:
- Ocean-Continental
- Continent-Continent
- Ocean-Ocean
Features associated with ocean continental convergence:
In this type of boundary, the oceanic lithosphere will always sub duct below the continental lithosphere.
- This type of boundary is also known as subduction zone.
- On the ocean side, an Oceanic trench is formed and on the continent side, a chain of Volcanoes forms above the subduction zone. This chain is referred to as Volcanic Arc.
- Ex: Western Coast of S. America and Nazca plate is subducted beneath the South American plate.
- Volcanic Arc: It is the surface expression of the magma that is generated by the hydrous melting of the mantle.
- It is a source of some of the most explosive volcanism on Earth because of high volumes of extreme pressure. It creates extensive mountain ranges.
- Ex: Northern margins of Indian plate being thrust under a portion of Eurasian plate.
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